Transparencies: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Which-printer-for-printing-film-positives-for-screen-printing.webp|thumb|An example of transparencies (film positives) done by Squeegee and Ink. <ref>“How We Print Film Positives for Screen Printing.” ''Squeegee & Ink'', 1 June 2022, www.squeegeeandink.co.uk/how-we-print-film-positives-for-screen-printing/.</ref>]] | |||
A piece of transparent film that typically displays a positive image. This printing process is typically used during screen printing. | A piece of transparent film that typically displays a positive image. This printing process is typically used during screen printing. | ||
(Also called film positives) | (Also called film positives)<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== The Process == | == The Process == | ||
A screen is first coated with photosensitive emulsion. Then, a film positive is placed onto the screen. Once the screen is exposed to light, the areas of the screen that are not covered by the film will harden. Areas that are covered are able to be washed out and remain soft. This creates a screen stencil used for printing. | A screen is first coated with photosensitive emulsion. Then, a film positive is placed onto the screen. Once the screen is exposed to light, the areas of the screen that are not covered by the film will harden. Areas that are covered are able to be washed out and remain soft. This creates a screen stencil used for printing.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Importance of Transparencies in Screen Printing == | |||
* '''Detailed Stencils-''' Whatever is on the film translates directly onto the stencil, creating sharp and detailed stencils. <ref name=":1">“What Is Film Positive and How It’s Used in the Textile Screen-Printing Industry.” ''Film Positive for Screen Printing | InkProducts Ink Solutions'', www.inkproducts.com/what-is-film-positive-and-how-it-s-used-in-the-textile-screen-printing-industry.html. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.</ref> | |||
* '''Vivid Prints-''' Proper opacity guarantees solid ink coverage, which allows for bright and durable prints. <ref name=":1" /> | |||
* '''Consistency-''' Transparencies allow for printers to replicate the same design across multiple screens.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
* '''Efficiency-''' Fewer screens need to be redone when using transparencies. This saves time and reduces the cost. <ref name=":1" /> | |||
== Prominent Artists == | |||
=== Andy Warhol === | |||
[[File:Andy-Warhol-Silk-Screening.jpg|thumb|Andy Warhol Screen Printing]] | |||
Warhol typically used transparencies while creating his screen prints. Throughout his career, Warhol generated nearly 20,000 prints. Screen printing techniques allowed Warhol to series of images in various colors, one of his most recognizable signatures. The salability of these prints allowed for Warhol to not only fund his more avant-garde projects, but also raise funds for causes that were important to him. <ref>“Good Business: Andy Warhol’s Screenprints.” ''The Andy Warhol Museum'', 23 July 2025, www.warhol.org/exhibition/good-business-andy-warhols-screenprints/.</ref> | |||
=== Barbara Kruger === | |||
[[File:Kruger your body.jpg.webp|left|thumb|205x205px|Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground) is a photographic silkscreen on vinyl by Barbara Kruger. ]] | |||
Kruger used the techniques of photolithography and screen printing throughout her work. These techniques are ideally suited to Kruger's strategies of appropriation and the replication of imagery from mass culture. <ref>''Barbara Kruger. Untitled. 1986 | Moma'', www.moma.org/collection/works/63019. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.</ref> In her work, Kruger addresses media and politics by merging the commercial and art worlds.<ref>“Untitled (Your Body Is a Battleground).” ''Untitled (Your Body Is a Battleground) - Barbara Kruger | The Broad'', www.thebroad.org/art/barbara-kruger/untitled-your-body-battleground. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.</ref> | |||
== Present Day == | |||
Inkjet printers are equipped with film positive ink, which offers a more affordable and flexible solution. By using the right ink, printers can achieve the dense, waterproof black needed for screen exposure at a cheaper cost compared to the older systems. <ref>“What Is Film Positive and How It’s Used in the Textile Screen-Printing Industry.” ''Film Positive for Screen Printing | InkProducts Ink Solutions'', www.inkproducts.com/what-is-a-film-positive-and-what-is-it-used-for.html. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.</ref> | |||
=== Notes === | === Notes === | ||
<ref> “What Is a Film Positive?: A Guide to Art Terminology.” What Is a Film Positive? | A Guide to Art Terminology, avantarte.com/glossary/film-positive. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025. </ref> | <ref name=":0"> “What Is a Film Positive?: A Guide to Art Terminology.” What Is a Film Positive? | A Guide to Art Terminology, avantarte.com/glossary/film-positive. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025. </ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 13:40, 30 November 2025
A piece of transparent film that typically displays a positive image. This printing process is typically used during screen printing. (Also called film positives)[2]
The Process
A screen is first coated with photosensitive emulsion. Then, a film positive is placed onto the screen. Once the screen is exposed to light, the areas of the screen that are not covered by the film will harden. Areas that are covered are able to be washed out and remain soft. This creates a screen stencil used for printing.[2]
Importance of Transparencies in Screen Printing
- Detailed Stencils- Whatever is on the film translates directly onto the stencil, creating sharp and detailed stencils. [3]
- Vivid Prints- Proper opacity guarantees solid ink coverage, which allows for bright and durable prints. [3]
- Consistency- Transparencies allow for printers to replicate the same design across multiple screens.[3]
- Efficiency- Fewer screens need to be redone when using transparencies. This saves time and reduces the cost. [3]
Prominent Artists
Andy Warhol
Warhol typically used transparencies while creating his screen prints. Throughout his career, Warhol generated nearly 20,000 prints. Screen printing techniques allowed Warhol to series of images in various colors, one of his most recognizable signatures. The salability of these prints allowed for Warhol to not only fund his more avant-garde projects, but also raise funds for causes that were important to him. [4]
Barbara Kruger
Kruger used the techniques of photolithography and screen printing throughout her work. These techniques are ideally suited to Kruger's strategies of appropriation and the replication of imagery from mass culture. [5] In her work, Kruger addresses media and politics by merging the commercial and art worlds.[6]
Present Day
Inkjet printers are equipped with film positive ink, which offers a more affordable and flexible solution. By using the right ink, printers can achieve the dense, waterproof black needed for screen exposure at a cheaper cost compared to the older systems. [7]
Notes
- ↑ “How We Print Film Positives for Screen Printing.” Squeegee & Ink, 1 June 2022, www.squeegeeandink.co.uk/how-we-print-film-positives-for-screen-printing/.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 “What Is a Film Positive?: A Guide to Art Terminology.” What Is a Film Positive? | A Guide to Art Terminology, avantarte.com/glossary/film-positive. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 “What Is Film Positive and How It’s Used in the Textile Screen-Printing Industry.” Film Positive for Screen Printing | InkProducts Ink Solutions, www.inkproducts.com/what-is-film-positive-and-how-it-s-used-in-the-textile-screen-printing-industry.html. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.
- ↑ “Good Business: Andy Warhol’s Screenprints.” The Andy Warhol Museum, 23 July 2025, www.warhol.org/exhibition/good-business-andy-warhols-screenprints/.
- ↑ Barbara Kruger. Untitled. 1986 | Moma, www.moma.org/collection/works/63019. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.
- ↑ “Untitled (Your Body Is a Battleground).” Untitled (Your Body Is a Battleground) - Barbara Kruger | The Broad, www.thebroad.org/art/barbara-kruger/untitled-your-body-battleground. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.
- ↑ “What Is Film Positive and How It’s Used in the Textile Screen-Printing Industry.” Film Positive for Screen Printing | InkProducts Ink Solutions, www.inkproducts.com/what-is-a-film-positive-and-what-is-it-used-for.html. Accessed 30 Nov. 2025.
